There are varying ways to cite sources. Usually, a short form of the citation is included within the text of the paper (referred to as in-text or parenthetical citations) and then the full citation is given on the last page of the paper, sometimes referred to as a "Works Cited" page, a "References" page, or a "Bibliography" page.
Also, there are different styles to citing sources. The following styles are commonly used:
Also, there are different styles to citing sources. The following styles are commonly used:
- APA (American Psychological Association) Format is generally used to cite sources within the social sciences and sciences.
- MLA (Modern Language Association) Format is generally used to cite sources within the humanities, liberal arts, and business studies.
Citation Style Guides Online
| Guide to MLA Style from Purdue University Online Writing Lab (OWL)
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Guide to APA Style from Purdue University Online Writing Lab (OWL)  *Updated to 7th ed., Oct. 2019; see this article from Faculty Focus for notable changes and the APA site for printable handouts and guides |
| Guide to Chicago Style from Chicago Manual of Style
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Guide to Turabian Style (7th Edition)
from Chicago Manual of Style  |
Citation Tools
Refworks: Collect, organize, and cite references in multiple citation styles. Organize and annotate your PDF files. Use your citations in Microsoft Word or Google Docs.
Automatically generates citations in various styles (APA, MLA, and CBE/CSE) from any source format (book, scholarly article, Web site, etc.) (From the Libraries of University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill)
Zotero
Zotero is a free Firefox extension that helps you collect, manage, and cite your research sources.
Mendeley
Mendeley is a desktop and web program for managing and sharing research papers, discovering research data and collaborating online. It combines Mendeley Desktop, a PDF and reference management application (available for Windows, OS X and Linux) and apps for Android and iOS, with Mendeley Web, an online social network for researchers (Produced by Elsevier)
Citation Guides in the Library
Print Citation Guides:
- MLA Handbook
Library Reference Z253 .M634 2021 - Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association
Library Reference Z253 .P83 2020 - Turabian Style Manual: A Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses, and Dissertations
Library Reference Z253 .T8 2013 - The Chicago Manual of Style
Library Reference Z253 .U69 2017
Citation Guides Online:
- "Citing Information: Introduction"
Self-paced instructional tutorials for various citation styles, as well as an introduction to citation. (From the Libraries of University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill) - MLA Formatting and Style Guide
OWL Purdue University Online Writing Lab - APA Formatting and Style Guide
OWL Purdue University Online Writing Lab - Chicago Manual of Style Online
- Guide to Turabian Style